The Rest Adapter

The REST adapter is smart enough to determine the URLs it communicates with based on the name of the model. For example, if you ask for a Post by ID:

store.findRecord('post', 1).then(function(post) {
});

The REST adapter will automatically send a GET request to /posts/1.

For multiple word names, the REST adapter will use lower_snake_case.

The actions you can take on a record map onto the following URLs in the REST adapter:

Irregular or uncountable pluralizations can be specified via Ember.Inflector.inflector:

var inflector = Ember.Inflector.inflector;

inflector.irregular('person', 'people');
inflector.uncountable('advice');

This will tell the REST adapter that requests for person should go to /people/1 instead of /persons/1.

Endpoint paths can be prefixed with a namespace by setting the namespace property on the adapter:

export default DS.RESTAdapter.extend({
  namespace: 'api/1'
});

Requests for person would now target https://api.emberjs.com/1/people/1.

An adapter can target other hosts by setting the host property.

export default DS.RESTAdapter.extend({
  host: 'https://api.example.com'
});

Requests for person would now target https://api.example.com/people/1.

When requesting a record, the REST adapter expects your server to return a JSON representation of the record that conforms to the following conventions.

The primary record being returned should be in a named root. For example, if you request a record from /people/123, the response should be nested inside a property called person:

{
  "person": {
    "firstName": "Jeff",
    "lastName": "Atwood"
  }
}

After destroyRecord or after deleteRecord and save, the adapter expects the server to return an empty object ({}).

If you don't have the option to change the data that the server responds with, you can override the DS.JSONSerializer#extractDeleteRecord, like so:

extractDeleteRecord: function(store, type, payload) {
  // If the payload is {delete: true}, Ember Data will try to set
  // the new properties. Return null so it doesn't try to do that.
  return null;
}

Attribute names should be camelized. For example, if you have a model like this:

export default DS.Model.extend({
  firstName: DS.attr('string'),
  lastName:  DS.attr('string'),

  isPersonOfTheYear: DS.attr('boolean')
});

The JSON returned from your server should look like this:

{
  "person": {
    "firstName": "Barack",
    "lastName": "Obama",
    "isPersonOfTheYear": true
  }
}

Irregular keys can be mapped with a custom serializer. If the JSON for person has a key of lastNameOfPerson, and the desired attribute name is simply lastName, then create a custom Serializer for the model and override the normalizeHash property.

export default DS.Model.extend({
  lastName: DS.attr('string')
});

export default DS.RESTSerializer.extend({
  normalizeHash: {
    lastNameOfPerson: function(hash) {
      hash.lastName = hash.lastNameOfPerson;
      delete hash.lastNameOfPerson;

      return hash;
    }
  }
});

References to other records should be done by ID. For example, if you have a model with a hasMany relationship:

export default DS.Model.extend({
  comments: DS.hasMany('comment', { async: true })
});

The JSON should encode the relationship as an array of IDs:

{
  "post": {
    "comments": [1, 2, 3]
  }
}

Comments for a post can be loaded by post.get('comments'). The REST adapter will send a GET request for each related comment.

post.get('comments');

// GET /comments/1
// GET /comments/2
// GET /comments/3

You may prevent sending multiple requests by setting coalesceFindRequests to true in your adapter.

export default DS.RESTAdapter.extend({
  coalesceFindRequests: true
});

The REST adapter will now send a GET request to /comments?ids[]=1&ids[]=2&ids[]=3.

Any belongsTo relationships in the JSON representation should be the camelized version of the Ember Data model's name. For example, if you have a model:

export default DS.Model.extend({
  post: DS.belongsTo('post')
});

The JSON should encode the relationship as an ID to another record:

{
  "comment": {
    "post": 1
  }
}

If needed these naming conventions can be overwritten by implementing the keyForRelationship method.

export default DS.RESTSerializer.extend({
  keyForRelationship: function(key, relationship) {
    return key + 'Ids';
  }
});

To reduce the number of HTTP requests necessary, you can sideload additional records in your JSON response. Sideloaded records live outside the JSON root, and are represented as an array of hashes:

{
  "post": {
    "id": 1,
    "title": "Node is not omakase",
    "comments": [1, 2, 3]
  },

  "comments": [{
    "id": 1,
    "body": "But is it _lightweight_ omakase?"
  },
  {
    "id": 2,
    "body": "I for one welcome our new omakase overlords"
  },
  {
    "id": 3,
    "body": "Put me on the fast track to a delicious dinner"
  }]
}

In some circumstances, the built in attribute types of string, number, boolean, and date may be inadequate. For example, a server may return a non-standard date format.

Ember Data can have new JSON transforms registered for use as attributes:

export default DS.Transform.extend({
  serialize: function(value) {
    return [value.get('x'), value.get('y')];
  },
  deserialize: function(value) {
    return Ember.create({ x: value[0], y: value[1] });
  }
});

export default DS.Model.extend({
  position: DS.attr('coordinatePoint')
});

When coordinatePoint is received from the API, it is expected to be an array:

{
  cursor: {
    position: [4,9]
  }
}

But once loaded on a model instance, it will behave as an object:

var cursor = this.store.findRecord('cursor', 1);
cursor.get('position.x'); //=> 4
cursor.get('position.y'); //=> 9

If position is modified and saved, it will pass through the serialize function in the transform and again be presented as an array in JSON.