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Wrapping Content in a Component

Sometimes, you may want to define a component that wraps content provided by other templates.

For example, imagine we are building a blog-post component that we can use in our application to display a blog post:

app/templates/components/blog-post.hbs

<h1>{{title}}</h1>
<div class="body">{{body}}</div>

Now, we can use the {{blog-post}} component and pass it properties in another template:

{{blog-post title=title body=body}}

(See Passing Properties to a Component for more.)

In this case, the content we wanted to display came from the model. But what if we want the developer using our component to be able to provide custom HTML content?

In addition to the simple form you've learned so far, components also support being used in block form. In block form, components can be passed a Handlebars template that is rendered inside the component's template wherever the {{yield}} expression appears.

To use the block form, add a # character to the beginning of the component name, then make sure to add a closing tag. (See the Handlebars documentation on block expressions for more.)

In that case, we can use the {{blog-post}} component in block form and tell Ember where the block content should be rendered using the {{yield}} helper. To update the example above, we'll first change the component's template:

app/templates/components/blog-post.hbs

<h1>{{title}}</h1>
<div class="body">{{yield}}</div>

You can see that we've replaced {{body}} with {{yield}}. This tells Ember that this content will be provided when the component is used.

Next, we'll update the template using the component to use the block form:

app/templates/index.hbs

{{#blog-post title=title}}
  <p class="author">by {{author}}</p>
  {{body}}
{{/blog-post}}

It's important to note that the template scope inside the component block is the same as outside. If a property is available in the template outside the component, it is also available inside the component block.

Sharing Component Data with its Wrapped Content

There is also a way to share data within your blog post component with the content it is wrapping. In our blog post component we want provide a way for the user to configure what type of style they want to write their post in. We will give them the option to specify either markdown or html.

app/templates/index.hbs

{{#blog-post editStyle="markdown"}}
  <p class="author">by {{author}}</p>
  {{body}}
{{/blog-post}}

Supporting different editing styles will require different body components to provide special validation and highlighting. To load a different body component based on editing style, you can yield the component using the component helper and hash helper.

app/templates/components/blog-post.hbs

<h2>{{title}}</h2>
<div class="body">{{yield (hash body=(component editStyle))}}</div>

Once yielded the data can be accessed within wrapped content by referencing the as variable.

app/templates/index.hbs

{{#blog-post editStyle="markdown" as |post|}}
  <p class="author">by {{author}}</p>
  {{post.body}}
{{/blog-post}}

Finally we want to share the model of the data a user fills out for the post within our blog-post and body components. To share the postData object with the new body component, you can add arguments to the component helper.

app/templates/components/blog-post.hbs

<h2>{{title}}</h2>
<div class="body">{{yield (hash body=(component editStyle postData=postData))}}</div>

Since the component isn't instantiated until the component block content is rendered, we can add additional arguments within the block. In this case we'll add a text style option which will dictate the style of body text we want in our post. When {{post.body}} is instantiated, it will have both the edit style and the postData given by its wrapping component.

app/templates/index.hbs

{{#blog-post editStyle="markdown" as |post|}}
  <p class="author">by {{author}}</p>
  {{post.body editStyle="compact"}}
{{/blog-post}}

Sharing components this way is commonly referred to as "Contextual Components", because the component is shared only with the context of the parent component's block area.

Sharing Component Data with its Wrapped Content